The adoption of electric vehicles (EV) in India is poised to see a boost in adoption numbers driven by a rapidly expanding charging network, growth in battery swapping models and government policies such as the PM e-drive.
The respective sector demonstrated strong momentum in 2024, with total sales reaching nearly 1.95 million units across segments. Industry experts see this growth trajectory continuing into 2025, supported by expanding charging infrastructure, battery swapping networks and favorable government policies.
Alluding to the performance of the sector in 2024 ICRA Corporate Ratings Senior Vice President Srikumar Krishnamurthy said, “Electric vehicles in India continued to gain traction in 2024 supported by factors like government incentives, changing consumer needs new product launches, technological advancements, etc. Nevertheless, the EV penetration levels remain modest, particularly in cars and trucks, though adoption in two-wheelers and three-wheelers and buses is better. The government’s policy measures remain supportive; the PM e-drive scheme is expected to aid faster EV adoption apart from the development of the EV manufacturing ecosystem. While the transition is gradual, the EV sector holds promise as a cornerstone for sustainable mobility, with significant growth potential in the coming years."
According to data from Vahan Dashboard 19,48,957 EVs were sold between January and December 2024. Electric two-wheelers dominated the market with sales translating to 1.2 million units followed by the three-wheeler segment that sold 6,94,466 units. 
Meanwhile, the electric car segment continued to show steady progress with 99,848 units sold while the electric-bus sales experienced substantial growth increasing by 39% in CY2024, reaching 3,834 units. 
Ola Electric dominated the two-wheeler segment with a 35.42 percent market share followed by TVS (19.49 percent), Bajaj (16.58 percent), Ather (11.08 percent) and Hero (3.78 percent).
In the three-wheeler passenger segment, Mahindra Last Mile Mobility led with approximately 10 percent market share, while Bajaj Auto demonstrated exceptional growth. The three-wheeler cargo segment saw Mahindra LMM maintaining leadership with about 11 percent market share, while Bajaj Auto showed impressive growth to capture 4.7 percent market share. 
In the electric car segment, Tata Motors maintained dominance with roughly 62 percent market share, followed by MG Motor India at 22 percent, Mahindra & Mahindra (7 percent), BYD (2.85 percent), and PCA (2.19 percent), while in the electric bus segment, Tata Motors retained its leadership position with all major players showing significant sales growth.
2025 Outlook
Alluding to the sectoral outlook for 2025, Altigreen Propulsion Labs Chief Executive Officer Amitabh Sharan noted, “The electric vehicle industry in India stands at a transformative crossroads in 2025, with the market projected to reach USD 235 billion by 2030 at a remarkable CAGR of 49 percent. The sector will witness remarkable growth (especially in commercial vehicles) in 2025, driven by a combination of TCO benefits, technological advancements for better quality vehicles and driveability, and changing consumer perception towards EVs. However, the road to widespread EV adoption will need to overcome significant challenges viz-a-viz innovative vehicle financing, urban charging infrastructure, consistency in policy and regulatory framework, supply-chain localisation (for price parity with ICE) and very importantly skill development through industry-academia partnerships.”
Revfin Founder Sameer Aggarwal said, “2024 has been a defining year for India’s automotive sector, marked by accelerated adoption of electric vehicles, advancements in sustainability, and the integration of innovative technologies. Building on this momentum, 2025 is expected to be a year for EV adoption. With an intensified focus on developing robust EV charging infrastructure and scaling up battery-swapping networks, transitioning to electric mobility will become more seamless for consumers. Coupled with innovative financing models and targeted efforts to reach underserved markets, the industry is set to overcome accessibility barriers and make sustainable mobility a reality for all. Collaboration between automakers, policymakers, and technology providers will ensure a cohesive ecosystem, enabling India to lead the way in sustainable and inclusive mobility solutions.”
Godawari Electric Motors Director Hyder Ali Khan noted, “As we look ahead to 2025, we are excited about the robust expansion of our Eblu product portfolio, catering to the evolving needs of our customers. Additionally, we have some promising public and private orders in the pipeline, which will further accelerate our growth trajectory. We remain committed to driving innovation and sustainability in the EV sector and look forward to continued collaboration with our stakeholders to shape a cleaner and greener future for mobility.”
Zypp Electric Chief Executive Officer Akash Gupta revealed plans for 2025 along with the sector outlook and stated, “Looking ahead to 2025, Zypp Electric is committed to deploying 200,000 electric vehicles across the country in the next 12-18 months and we will double down on innovation, fleet expansion and partnerships to meet growing demand. We will focus on bolstering EV charging infrastructure, enhancing intelligent fleet management, and contributing to India's net-zero goals. Together, we aim to revolutionise last-mile logistics and make green mobility the norm for businesses and communities alike.”
On the components front, Automotive Component Manufacturers Association Director General Vinnie Mehta averred, “The Indian auto component industry is poised for robust double-digit growth in FY25, driven by strategic efforts to reduce import dependence and bolster exports. The electric vehicle component segment is witnessing remarkable year-on-year growth, propelled by the surging demand for sustainable mobility solutions. Key drivers include advancements in electric powertrains and battery systems, supported by increased investments in localization, R&D, and progressive government policies. These developments underscore the industry’s commitment to innovation, self-reliance, and establishing India as a prominent global manufacturing hub."
As India furthers its journey towards carbon neutrality within the mobility sector, EV adoption is slated to accelerate even in the luxury car segment. According to a news report citing Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations, the luxury EV market grew by 6.7 percent in 2024 despite decline in sales. 
BMW witnessed the highest sales followed by Mercedes Benz India, Volvo, Audi and Porsche. 

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Nawgati has announced the launch of Aaveg Pro, an integrated operations platform for petroleum dealers, at the Petrol Dealers Association Pune (PDAP) Annual General Meeting. The system is designed to digitise fuel station management within the Indian retail ecosystem.

Aaveg Pro serves as a digital operating system to replace manual workflows in fuel retail. The platform consolidates several critical station functions into a single interface:

• Sales and Inventory: Features include shift-level nozzle reconciliation, live inventory tracking and stock variation control.
• Financial Accounting: The system supports VAT, GST, cess and surcharge handling to maintain audit-ready records and real-time balance sheet visibility.
• Fleet and Credit Management: Dealers can manage digital fleet contracts, consolidated invoicing and credit risk monitoring.

The platform is designed to integrate with existing station infrastructure, such as dispensers, CCTV systems, fuel storage compressors and vehicle-tracking systems, to provide operational oversight.

Vaibhav Kaushik, Co-Founder & CEO, Nawgati, said, “The launch of Aaveg Pro reflects our continued commitment to building solutions that solve real operational challenges for fuel dealers. Fuel retail in India still relies heavily on fragmented and manual workflows across accounting, stock monitoring, reconciliation, and customer credit management. With Aaveg Pro, we are bringing these critical functions onto one integrated platform so that dealers can operate with greater visibility, control, and efficiency.”

Aalaap Nair, Co-Founder, Nawgati, said, “Aaveg Pro has been built specifically for the day-to-day realities of fuel retail operations in India. From shift-level reconciliation and stock tracking to consolidated fleet invoicing and live financial reporting, the platform is designed to reduce complexity and improve decision-making at the station level. Our goal is to help dealers move away from manual processes and adopt a smarter, more scalable way of running their businesses.”

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Charge_iN by Mahindra and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL) have signed a strategic agreement to develop electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure at HPCL retail outlets across India. The collaboration aims to utilise HPCL’s national fuel station network to increase the availability of public charging points for electric four-wheelers.

HPCL currently operates over 24,400 retail outlets and has installed more than 5,400 charging stations under its HP e-Charge brand. The new stations established through this partnership will exclusively feature 180 kW dual gun chargers, designed for high-speed charging.

The deployment is intended to support the transition to green transportation in India, currently the third-largest automotive market globally. The agreement focuses on building an ultrafast charging network to improve reliability and reduce charging times for EV users.

The partnership aligns with the government's objective of strengthening public EV infrastructure. By integrating chargers into existing fuel stations, the companies aim to provide a platform for nationwide expansion and seamless access for drivers.

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Electric mobility startup Bijliride has detailed plans to expand its franchise network to more than 25 Indian cities. Operating under a Franchise Owned–Franchise Operated (FOFO) model, the company aims to onboard 30 franchise partners by March 2027 and scale its fleet to between 10,000 and 15,000 electric two-wheelers within the next 18 months.

The expansion the startup claims is projected to drive 150 percent growth in fleet operations. Bijliride has identified several urban mobility markets for this phase, including:

• Tier 1 Cities: Mumbai, Delhi NCR, Bengaluru, Chennai, and Kolkata.
• Emerging Hubs: Hyderabad clusters, Jaipur, Patna, Lucknow, Ahmedabad, and Kochi.
• Logistics Centres: Nagpur, Indore, Surat, and Visakhapatnam.

The strategy targets demand from logistics operators, gig economy platforms and urban commuters.

Under the FOFO structure, local partners own and manage the fleets while Bijliride provides the technology infrastructure. This includes real-time vehicle tracking, battery management protocols, and rental management systems.

The partners have to commit to a minimum of 50 electric two-wheelers to begin with, an initial investment of around INR 1.4-1.6 million, with a projected breakeven in approximately 15 months under stable fleet utilisation. The startup also assists partners with driver onboarding and connects fleets with demand from local delivery businesses and gig platforms.

Shivam Sisodiya, CEO and Co-Founder, Bijliride, said, “Electric mobility demand in India is growing rapidly, particularly among gig workers and last-mile delivery operators. At this stage, our focus is disciplined scale. The FOFO model allows us to grow responsibly by partnering with local entrepreneurs who understand their markets while leveraging our technology platform and operational systems. This structure enables us to expand faster while ensuring fleets are managed efficiently on the ground.”

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It’s been sometime that Donut Lab has been working on producing a battery that will address the challenging needs of EVs better than other batteries have been able to do. Claiming to be the world’s first solid-state battery ready for production vehicles measured in independent testing conditions, the company has released its third test result that dispels any suspicions that the battery would be a supercapacitor rather than a battery.
The results measure the properties of its solid-state battery, evaluating its ability to retain charge when not in use. Available for download on its site, the third and most recent test follows two other tests that looked at charging speed (the test was conducted by Technology Re) using two passive cooling configurations and evaluation of capacity performance of the battery cell in hot conditions (by the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland). 
The test measuring the battery’s ability to retain charge even when not in use was carried out using a simple research setup. It was connected at room temperature to the research laboratory’s battery tester, which repeatedly measured the cell voltage every 10 seconds. Like the previous test that measured battery performance at very high temperatures, this test also began with a 1C capacity test, demonstrating that the cell was precisely the same as the other test examples.
 
After the capacity test, the battery cell was charged to approximately 50 percent charge and left connected to the battery tester for ten days. The cell was then discharged to measure the remaining energy capacity. The results show that the battery cell voltage stabilises during the first 10 hours after charging. Over the next nine or so days, the voltage curve continues to stabilise. A capacity test at the end of the test period confirmed that the voltage drop corresponds to the amount of energy in watt-hours.
The Donut Battery behaved in the test exactly as a battery should. If the test had been performed with a supercapacitor, the charge would have fallen linearly much faster during the same time period.
“Since we unveiled the Donut Battery, there has been a lot of speculation and theories about whether it is a supercapacitor. In all its simplicity, this test proves that it is a battery. Supercapacitors charge and discharge quickly, but they also lose their charge quickly when not in use. The Donut Battery behaves like a battery and can maintain a charge for significantly longer,” confirmed Ville Piippo, CTO, Donut Lab.
After the third test mentioned above, Donut Lab has carried out a special test to measure battery performance in a battery pack using the Verge TS Pro motorcycle that charges in less than ten minutes, making it the world's fastest-charging electric motorcycle.
 

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