A leader in SAE Level 4 self-driving vehicle software for heavy-duty vehicles, Torc Robotics, an independent subsidiary of Daimler Truck, is opening a technology and software development centre in Stuttgart, Germany. In regards to the development, Gianenrico Griffini spoke to Michael Fleming, CEO, Torc Robotics, and Peter Schmidt, Head of Autonomous Technology Group, Daimler Trucks.

In an interview dating back to October 2019, you said you were in the phase of testing Class 8 autonomous driving on the public road. What stage are you currently working in? What results did you achieve so far?
Michael Fleming: Since we last met at the North American Commercial Vehicle Show in Atlanta in 2019, we have been safely testing a fleet of autonomous trucks daily on public roads in the US. We are developing autonomous truck technology to navigate for long-haul, hub-to-hub transport – our target use case. Typical driving scenarios, such as lane changes and complex merges, have been tested intensively and have proven that Torc’s autonomous driving software can safely navigate on highways. Recently, we have expanded our features and are now running and demonstrating L4 autonomous trucks with enhanced capabilities in more complex scenarios on surface streets, ramps and turns at controlled intersections. Our routes have expanded to multiple states: Virginia, New Mexico and Texas. Each area provides us with unique traffic and environmental conditions for testing. We have also expanded our simulation testing – allowing us to safely simulate thousands of traffic scenarios and reinforce capabilities on public roads.

Can you describe your technical solutions for Class 8 autonomous driving? Is a high degree of redundancy a key pillar of your Level 4 autonomous driving strategy?
Michael Fleming: The virtual driver is the Automated Driving System (ADS), which enables the vehicle to perform driving tasks. This includes software and hardware. Torc’s software stack is also known as the virtual driver. The automotive grade hardware includes computers, sensors and other hardware necessary for the virtual driver to perceive the world around it, localise and make behavioural decisions to perform driving tasks.

Peter Schmidt: Yes, in our opinion, redundancy is a must for autonomous trucks. It is the only way to ensure maximum safety. Here we do not compromise. Our engineers at Daimler Truck North America have done a phenomenal job in the past few years, successfully developing the first scalable autonomous truck platform with critical safety systems. Based on Freightliner’s industry-leading flagship truck, the autonomous-ready Cascadia with redundant functions represents the foundation for autonomous trucking. This truck has a second set of critical systems, such as steering and braking, and continuously monitors and assesses the health of these systems. In case of interruption or errors, the newly developed redundant systems will be able to safely control the truck.

What does the launch of the cross-functional TAAC (Torc Autonomous Advisory Council) mean? Does it mean you have already achieved a robust roadproof autonomous technology level that must be translated into transport operators’ reality?
Michael Fleming: We believe in developing technology to create sustained innovation in freight transport. This means working closely with leaders in shipping and logistics to define the best way to integrate with the freight network. With members of the TAAC, we are exploring solutions for hub-tohub operations, fleet logistics and fleet maintenance services. These are the capabilities beyond the technology for driving that are necessary for commercialisation. The TAAC supports Torc’s goal to be the first scalable, profitable, commercialised L4 truck solution. We are collaborating with key freight industry players who will provide strategic insights to Torc as we integrate with the freight network and tackle challenges beyond highway driving.

Peter Schmidt: With Torc now involving leading logistic companies, we are entering the next phase, focusing on specifically defining the real-world use case of the autonomous system of the future. We are on the right path and, together with our collaborators, we share the pioneering spirit and the willingness to succeed in autonomous trucking.

Can you outline a timetable for deploying hub-to-hub selfdriving trucks on daily interstate operations in the US?
Peter Schmidt: We are aiming to commercialise autonomous trucks on the road within this decade. In the US, we expect autonomous trucking to be a reality on a bigger scale by 2030. Already, from the middle of the decade onwards, we could see the first trucks running freight with customers, and we could then see the market ramp-up subsequently. While the go-to-market timing is determined by our partners, we will make sure our autonomous-ready Freigthliner is available in time.

Michael Fleming: Building on what Peter said, our timeline to deploy hub-to-hub self-driving trucks on daily interstate operations is not determined by a specific target date but by safety first. We will bring autonomous trucks into customer operations only when it is safe to do so.

What do you need from the legislator to speed up the introduction of self-driving trucks? What is it still missing?
Michael Fleming: At Torc, we want to be part of the solution, but we need to strike a balance of pushing innovation while keeping safety at the forefront. We’re happy to be thought leaders in sharing our own very stringent guidelines for testing and safety plans and helping to educate state and federal officials on the importance of autonomous trucking to society.

Recently, Daimler Truck subsidiary Torc Robotics announced the opening of a technology and software development centre in Stuttgart. How can you use the know-how acquired in the US for European autonomous driving operations?
Michael Fleming: For now, we remain laser-focused on developing autonomous trucking for deployment on US highways. The team in our Stuttgart office will support these efforts, tapping into the amazing talent pool of software and product development specialists in one of Germany’s prime automotive regions. This is the primary reason we decided to open an office in this location.

Peter Schmidt: Later on, we can then leverage our position as a global player and transfer the know-how and experience acquired in the US to bring autonomous trucking into other markets, for example, to Europe. However, due to different legislations and infrastructure, we expect other markets outside of Europe to become viable sooner. For the near-term, we are focused on commercialisation in the US and believe this focus will help us reach our goal here by 2030.

Gianenrico Griffini is the editor of Vie&Trasporti (Italy) and a technical journalist specialising in commercial vehicles. He is also the Chairman of International Truck of the Year consortium.

As the world relies more on technology and data to tackle different situations or to streamline processes, loopholes exist inevitably. Orbitsys leverages its cloud-based platform, allowing centralisation of data along with remote access for the automotive industry to tackle dealerships and hurdles.

“We tackle connectivity and data hurdles in the automotive industry by offering a cloud-based platform. This allows dealerships and OEMs to centralise data, which eliminates scattered systems, creating a single source of trusted data for customer and vehicle information. Moreover, accessing data remotely enables secure, role-based and real-time data visibility across multiple locations, improving decision-making,” informed Harvinder Pal Singh, Chief Business Officer, Orbitsys DMS.

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Dr Amitabh Saran reveals Altigreen’s plans for the ASEAN market and talks about ESG goals and more.

As part of Altigreen’s plans to enter the passenger vehicle market, do you plan to hire fresh talent?
Sometimes start-ups land up doing a lot of things at the same time. The money runs out because a start-up starts with one problem and migrates to a completely different problem. Sometimes it starts adding all kinds of features to its products. For example, by entering the passenger space, we are clear that we cannot do this with the existing funds that we have. That’s because it’s clear that we need to have more teams, a different space etc. Also, we will be in a position to hire more talent and have a separate line entirely for passenger vehicles within the same factory. Besides, we have ensured that there will be ‘common-isation’ of platforms where skills can be achieved. So we are in the process of hiring talent.

What are your plans for charging solutions/infrastructure?
We are very clear that we are a vehicle OEM and do not build charging infrastructure. However, we do partner with a lot of charging companies who are building this infrastructure. We ensure that we are working with them, where we go hand-in-hand and everyone benefits. I have always believed that we need to do this as an ecosystem approach.

What are your plans for the ASEAN market? 
We have always said that Altigreen focuses on India and the emerging markets. The emerging markets are South Asia, Africa and South America. The ASEAN market is very important to us, especially because one of our investors comes from Singapore, and they are going to help us a lot in our progress in ASEAN countries. Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines and Singapore are four places where we have already been seeing a lot of demand coming, in both passenger and cargo three-wheelers.

A major concern around EVs is high cost. How do you plan to tackle it?
To promote cell manufacturing and electronic component manufacturing in India, the government has created the PLI, wherein even other companies are participants. Each of them will be making cells, and I think they will start creating cells made in India and for Indian conditions, 2024 onwards. That will bring down cell prices and we will see more parity.

Is it that the younger generation, which is interested in purchasing EVs, is unable to do so on account of costs?
I don’t think so. Gen Z may be more inclined to exploring new things. But it’s not like every kid on the block is driving/riding an EV. I think it’s the convenience, which people find as a great alternative and as long as the use case is the same.

How is Altigreen meeting India’s ESG goals?
Over the last nine years, we have been doing a lot of R&D. Our focus was never on the paradigms of ESG or how we fit into it. But we ensure that we are doing everything to make sure that we are focusing on a sustainability paradigm. For example, if one looks at our motor design, they will see that we chose that there will be no magnets in it. Not just because the import of magnets should not be encouraged but also because we want to ensure that the motors are serviceable and manufacturable. Therefore, we have been very conscious about this. Moving forward, now that we are in expansion mode, we have an entire ESG section. Battery recycling is also something that we are working on. We do believe that the batteries that come out of EVs should not be thrown away. They have a very strong use case in solar and other areas, where we have already started working.

Prashanth Doreswamy talks about future learning in the automotive industry, the company’s sustainability goals and how the future belongs to autonomous vehicles.

As an auto-parts manufacturer, how do you think automakers can prepare for the future of mobility?
The consumer would like to see the car as an extended IoT device. That’s because this is all driven by consumer preferences, except for electrification; electrification is driven more by regulations and the government. However, other trends like connected or autonomous are more consumerdriven. We have been seeing a lot of comfort in our homes and offices. Today, consumers expect to see that comfort inside a car because a car has become an extended living space.

With electrification, will jobs become obsolete for small auto-parts manufacturers? Can you tell us the work you’re doing in T-shaped skills?
I don’t think jobs will become obsolete. But this is a transformation that, as tier 1s and tier 2s, we will have to evolve with over a period of time. I’m sure that there are a lot of opportunities, because with EVs, while the number of components is decreasing, a lot of other content is increasing. How we reshape ourselves through this will be a challenge for every company. That’s where the differentiation will come from – who is spending more on R&D. Because whatever is spent on R&D today is not for today but for tomorrow. Those who spend more on R&D innovation are going to drive the future, and that’s something that Continental also strongly believes in.

When we talk of T-shaped skills, we’d like to develop people’s skill sets on the broader side as well as on particular segments, deep into the subject. There are a lot of programmes for this, one being the software academy that we began in around 2017-2018. You can’t put the millennials and Gen Zs just into a classroom; their way of learning is much different. That’s how these course curriculums are being designed.

Do you see autonomous cars happening at all?
Autonomous is always a challenge; it is not just a vehicle ready with all the technologies, but an ecosystem. A lot of things have to come in sync. There are certain hurdles and it’s taking a little longer than expected, but we strongly believe that the future is going to be autonomous.

While working with OEMs, the development time of a product is typically three years, and then the vehicle will be available in another six years. How do you make sure that technology is still relevant till then?
This is why we do a lot of research in terms of understanding the technology landscape and the consumer preferences. Not only within the automotive industry, but we do benchmark with a lot of adjacent industries as well. All of this is taken care of in the product planning process. At the same time, we look at how we can upgrade to the latest technology without modifying anything.

In terms of surface solutions, what alternatives are you looking at for leather (for seats) so that animals are not killed?
The surface solution that we have is an alternative for leather. It is at a much lower cost and gives the feel of a leather. It is much more durable than leather and meets all the other interior requirements. This application goes from the seating to the armrest to cockpit assemblies.

Can you tell us about some of Continental Automotive’s sustainability goals?
We are one of the first auto-component manufacturers to come up with a bold promise, which was made in December 2019. We made four promises. The first is that we’ll be carbon neutral across the value chain (from raw materials to the disposal) by 2050 and our operations will be carbon neutral by 2040. From December 2020, all of our 540+ manufacturing operations – including India – have been using only green power. The second is zero tailpipe emissions. The third is that we’ll achieve 95 percent circular economy by 2030 – whatever we use will be reused and recycled. The fourth is that we will be a responsible value chain.

What will shape the automotive parts and the automotive sector this year?
We’ll see a huge growth in electronics inside the car. There will be more connected features and ADAS functions. Besides, the industry will migrate from small cars to bigger sized cars, including SUVs, which is good news for the industry. We’ll still continue to have some challenges on the semiconductor parts. This crisis will come to an end sometime in the mid of 2024, maybe.

Hygge Energy has developed a marketplace for local players to trade renewable energy.

The last decade has witnessed a gradual transformation of the Indian mobility space. The influx of electric vehicles (EV) has added to this change. It has also aptly highlighted the adaptation of modern technology by the auto industry, among others, to close the gap between EVs and IC-engine vehicles.

With stress being laid on the creation of an efficient infrastructure, albeit in the form of enough charging solutions, efforts are being made to ensure early adoption of EVs as well as a sustainable user experience. Designing a software to unlock the monetary potential of renewable energy with an eye on EVs and terming it as ‘Zero Emission Electric Mobility’, Hygge Energy has developed a marketplace that paves the way for local players to trade renewable energy. It is an initiative that will be set up at CNG stations. In this direction, the company has signed a memorandum of understanding with Think Gas.

Prateek Saxena, Founder and CEO of Hygge Energy, mentioned, “The Indian EV charging business faces three major problems: the electrical grid is not resilient enough to allow charging; the grid energy mix is not renewables-centric, and hence the charging source is not renewablebased in any manner; and buying grid energy is not profitable for charging operators. When chargers are set up, the grid requires very costly upgrades. The resulting increased transformer size causes higher sanctioned load and electricity bills as well. The load factor on the grid is too high; as the demand peaks for EV charging, the grid often does not have the capacity to support it. There is also a lack of aggregation of carbon credits. The individual EV charging station operators are not in a position to consolidate carbon credits for monetisation. Our solution addresses all of these problems.”

Zero Emission Electric Mobility was designed with three essential objectives in mind: charging EVs using renewable energy; promoting zero-emissions mobility; and no upgrades for grid infrastructure, hence avoiding delays and expenses. This will decrease grid load dependency for charging stations by over 80 percent and improve grid resiliency.

Hygge’s solution is supported by an end-to-end immersive EV charging mobile app that facilitates the entire charging experience for both the driver as well as the charging station owner.

The platform
The platform addresses the lack of aggregation of carbon credits as well. As the platform will source renewable energy for EV charging, it will be used for maximising carbon credits for companies like Think Gas in the clean fuel business, informed the executive.

Hygge Energy enables entrepreneurs and large corporates interested in investing in the EV charging business to make money. The platform is plug-and-play. It instantaneously connects EV charging stations to next-gen technology, including IoT devices embedded with artificial intelligence and blockchain that reduce cost of operation, and an immersive EV charging app that drives traffic.

Hygge’s technology allows EV operators to become profitable at a very low cost. “We partner for long term with operators, and this association lasts throughout the lifecycle so that we can support their operations related to pricing, policy, regulation and technology,” said Saxena.

Bridging the gap
Hygge’s EV charging system is supported by a next-gen charging app that enables owners to book, reserve and pay for charging time slots in advance, avoiding waiting time and disappointments because of not getting a charging spot and chaos at charging sites. End-to-end planning and scheduling of EV charging will also allow EV owners to overcome the hurdle of range anxiety.

The gamified and community-centric app will enable like-minded individuals to come together and exchange ideas for creating a greener future. Zero Emission Electric Mobility is a highly adaptable system that provides 100 percent clean energy e-mobility by ensuring that EV charging is done with renewable energy, thereby allowing environmentally conscious EV owners to be in charge of their energy usage and carbon footprint.

Hygge’s charging app also enables tracking of payments as well as carbon credits earned by users each time they utilise Hygge’s network. This will open up access to an INR 750 billion carbon trading market for renewables-based EV charging.

“Now our end users also include drivers of CNG vehicles. Think Gas requested us to improve the customer experience at their CNG filling stations by using our EV charging app for providing a similar experience for CNG drivers. Our app for CNG users includes advance booking, cashless payment and loyalties, like our EV solution,” informed the CEO.

Zero emission transportation
Electric vehicle charging using coal-heavy grid power emits 50 times more carbon than doing it using solar photovoltaic solutions. Zero Emission Electric Mobility ensures that all EV charging is done using renewable energy as opposed to using other available energy sources, thereby drastically reducing the greenhouse emissions.

The system is facilitated by Hygge’s proprietary customer premises IoT device called the Hygge Box, which operates on embedded machine learning-based artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. It enables tracking, measurement, optimisation, allocation and accounting of renewable energy, hence ensuring that electric vehicles are primarily charged with clean renewable energy.

Zero Emission Electric Mobility is a highly adaptable system that provides completely clean e-mobility. The platform can not only be integrated to any EV charging or battery swapping system but also provides truly zero-emission transportation by ensuring the use of low-cost renewable energy for charging EVs and batteries.

The partnership
Zero Emission Electric Mobility (complete with the Hygge Box and Hygge Energy’s EV charging app), as well as Hygge Energy’s app for CNG filling, will initially be installed at a Think Gas CNG station in Uttar Pradesh, followed by other locations under discussion. This will be a big step by Hygge towards unlocking a USD 15 billion carbon trading market for service providers offering CNG and EV charging services in India, which will make these businesses profitable.

Hygge’s platform is integrated with on-site or off-site renewable energy and the distribution grid infrastructure. It enables tracking, measurement, optimisation, allocation and accounting of energy. This ensures that all renewable energy is directed towards EV charging. In the absence of EV charging, this energy can be redirected to other applications for maximum utilisation and savings on electricity bills. It also avoids the additional load that EV charging infrastructure puts on distribution transformers. As a result, renewable energy e-mobility can be accommodated without the need for additional investments in grid infrastructure.