Currently, India’s foundry market for automotive components is small (only 10 percent of total foundry market — 10 million of cast iron + aluminium) in comparison to USA’s foundry market, which is at 14 million tonnes per annum, of which 3.3 million is aluminium (24 percent). With an increasing focus on higher performance with better safety and lower emission, this gap is going to shrink in the coming years, anticipates Ajay Kapur, CEO – Aluminium & Power Business, Vedanta Aluminium.

“There is immense scope for Indian aluminium producers to tap into the emerging market in the automotive sector,” said Kapur. Vedanta Aluminium was the first in India to supply PFA (primary foundry alloy) to the domestic auto sector. Before, the launch of PFA by the company, India’s entire PFA demand was being met through imports, even though the country has the world’s second-largest aluminium production capacity. Looking at the potential of the auto market and its import dependency, the company decided to tap into the opportunity and develop indigenous capabilities at its state-of-the-art facilities in Jharsuguda and BALCO to meet that demand. Currently, the company has a PFA casting capacity of 240KT spread across its plants in Odisha and Chhattisgarh.

“Primary aluminium producers develop PFAs which are customised to suit the exact needs of automakers in terms of performance, strength, durability, etc. Significant R&D and technical expertise go into developing PFAs, resulting in excellent metal quality and outstanding castability, which makes these alloys the preferred choice for the automotive industry,” explained Kapur. PFAs are ideal for aluminium alloy wheels, cylinder heads and brakes. The company also anticipates that with an increased focus on reduction of vehicle weight with higher safety performance, automotive parts critical to safety will be made from PFA instead of cast iron to offer higher strength and nearly double absorption of crash energy. “Besides, aluminium PFAs will always have the added advantage of cost-saving on fuel and maintenance,” added Kapur.

Vedanta Aluminium has started steadily supplying PFAs to OEMs and ancillaries in wheel manufacturing in India. “Our proactive move to expand business on this front helped us on-board some of the most reputed equipment manufacturers and auto ancillaries as our clients, and we have received a very positive response from them. Encouraged by that, we will soon look to expand our alloy portfolio for supporting manufacturing of cylinder heads, ABS brakes and certain key applications where traditional materials can easily get substituted with aluminium alloy. We are also exploring prospects of long-term investments by auto ancillaries near our aluminium smelters so that they may leverage cost savings in terms of freight, re-melting and electricity,” said Kapur.

The company, according to him, is well-positioned to cater to the current and emerging needs of the Indian auto sector, offering a broad range of products that find usage across the automotive value chain – from casting to extrusion. “When choosing suppliers for alloys, automotive players should look for companies having high-quality casting facilities, sophisticated R&D facilities and technological prowess for developing customised high-performance alloys for their specific needs, and finally, having robust after-sales technical support; USPs that have earned us the trust of our clients,” he added.

Aluminium is the second most used metal in the world after steel, today, and, according to Kapur, it has the potential to become the most important commercial metal in the future. “Most developed countries have already designated aluminium as a core industry. Aluminium holds strategic importance for the economy as the metal of choice for all kinds of transportation, power, aerospace, defence, building and construction needs. So, given the role it plays in supporting the core sectors meet the Government’s ‘Make in India’ initiative, we expect its application to only expand with time,” said Kapur.

The metal’s usage in the transportation sector has been rapidly increasing as it offers an environment-friendly and cost-effective way to increase performance, boost fuel economy and reduce emissions while maintaining or improving safety and durability. Aluminium is substantially lighter than its counterparts, offering a significant reduction in weight, which has a direct impact on fuel consumption and carbon emissions.

The metal also has a higher strength-to-weight ratio compared to traditional materials that enable it to absorb twice the crash energy of mild steel, ensuring that vehicular performance enhancements do not come at the cost of safety. “Further, nearly 90 percent of all the aluminium used in a vehicle is recycled at the end of its lifecycle. The energy required to recycle aluminium is only five percent of the energy required to produce the metal. With all these advantages, aluminium can play a pivotal role in the changing face of the automotive sector,” said Kapur.

Aluminium alloys are used by the Indian auto industry majorly as alloy wheels. Around 95 percent of two-wheelers include aluminium, averaging at 7kg per bike, taking total consumption of aluminium alloy in this segment to 115KTPA (kilo tons per annum). Whereas, only 20 percent of four-wheelers use aluminium, majorly in high-end models, which max out at 40kg per car. “The crux of the matter is, in India, we are yet to explore more applications of aluminium in the automotive industry akin to our global peers. For example, in developed countries, around 21 PFAs are used in the automotive segment to achieve light-weighting in the form of various auto parts and components. In India, we majorly use PFAs only for manufacturing alloy wheels and to some extent, for cylinder heads. So, there is immense potential for usage of aluminium in other auto parts like engine, suspension, front end carrier, instrument panel support, rear frame, chassis and many more,” said Kapur.

Shortly, the company expands its alloy portfolio for supporting manufacturing of cylinder heads, ABS brakes and certain other applications where currently steel or iron is being used but can be substituted by suitable aluminium alloys to provide additional benefits. As the market for aluminium alloys in automotive segment expands with inclusion of newer applications, Vedanta Aluminium will look for opportunities to leverage its technological expertise and R&D capabilities to develop products customised to the needs of the market. Vedanta Aluminium is also open to collaborating with the downstream industry, to unlock the entire potential of aluminium used in the auto sector and cater to the rapidly evolving aluminium requirements of the Indian automotive industry.

In the Indian automotive market, one of the biggest challenges faced today is the increasing imports of auto components from China and other countries. The size of the auto components imports was USD 17.6 billion in FY19. Asia, the largest source of imports for Indian auto-components, had a share of 61 percent followed by Europe at 29 percent; North America at eight percent; Latin America and Africa at one percent each in FY19. China, with 27 percent, enjoyed the status of the largest exporter in the Indian automotive market.

“The potential of the aluminium industry should be acknowledged and recognised as a core sector with a National Aluminium Policy that will encourage, protect and boost the domestic aluminium industry. The domestic capability needs to be harnessed for critical sectors of national importance like defence, aerospace, aviation, transportation, infrastructure, electrification, housing, etc. We must make the vision of ‘Make in India’ a ground reality in these sectors, leveraging the potential of the entire aluminium value chain, from mining to end usage. Besides enhancing domestic capacity and reducing import dependency and subsequently trade deficit, it will also generate huge employment opportunities in our country which has a deep talent pool that needs to be capitalised for the realisation of our vision of a USD5 trillion economy. We are on the right path, but there is still a long way to go,” said Kapur.

The global economy is swiftly moving towards a cleaner, greener and more sustainable lifestyle. For more than a decade now, concerns about fuel efficiency have encouraged OEMs to replace steel with aluminium in vehicle bodies, doors, trunks, hoods, bumpers, crash boxes, brakes and wheels. With the advent of electric vehicles (EV), OEMs worldwide are focusing on exploring and applying new uses of aluminium. The need for lightweight battery casings and heat exchangers in electric vehicles, combined with autonomous vehicles’ demands for high visibility and structural integrity, is expected to exponentially increase the use of aluminium in cars, trucks and buses from now on. “Using aluminium in EVs has several advantages, foremost amongst which is the distance travelled per charge. Lighter the vehicle, the longer its range. Coming to better battery life, thanks to the metal’s thermal and anticorrosion properties, aluminium is ideal for battery frames. Demand for aluminium will also rise on account of infrastructure for serving EVs since the metal is commonly used as a housing material for EVs charging stations as well. While India is waking up to this future of automobiles, partnerships between different automotive industry bodies/institutions and auto companies for sharing knowledge and expertise will help fast-track development of electric vehicles in the country,” said Kapur. MT

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NXP Semiconductors has introduced the SAF8444, an automotive radar system-on-chip designed to enable advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) processing on the sensor itself.

Manufactured using 28-nanometre RFCMOS technology, the single-chip solution operates across the 76–81 GHz automotive radar band to support short-, medium- and long-range sensing. The chip is intended for vehicle platforms, including electric vehicles, where it reduces system costs by simplifying thermal management and vehicle integration.

The system addresses entry-level and economy vehicle lines by integrating hardware components to lower overall bill-of-materials costs. It combines an Arm Cortex-A53 applications processor, an Arm Cortex-M7 real-time core, and NXP’s proprietary Signal Processing Toolbox radar accelerator with digital signal processor support. This architecture allows perception-level processing to occur directly on the radar sensor, reducing the data-load reliance on centralised vehicle compute resources.

The technology is optimised for standard automated safety functions, including adaptive cruise control, autonomous emergency braking, blind-spot detection and park assist. To meet safety criteria such as the Euro NCAP 2030 requirements, which include low-light pedestrian detection, the chip fuses camera and radar data.

Additionally, it features a dual-threaded accelerator to run anti-jamming algorithms and mitigate radio frequency interference in congested environments.

NXP supports the device with an enablement ecosystem that includes radar software development kits, safety frameworks, security components, power management integrated circuits, and networking solutions.

Meindert van den Beld, Senior Vice-President and General Manager, Radar & ADAS, NXP Semiconductors, said, “SAF8444 strengthens our one-chip radar portfolio with a solution that balances performance, power efficiency, and cost. It allows customers to meet tightening safety requirements while reducing system cost—an essential step toward democratizing ADAS adoption.”

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German technology company Bosch has officially introduced its third-generation Silicon Carbide (SiC) semiconductors to the Indian market. The strategic rollout targets the next phase of India's electric vehicle (EV) expansion, shifting the market focus from early adoption toward cost efficiency, longer ranges, and mass-market scaling.

Silicon carbide technology has become a cornerstone of modern EV drivetrains, acting as the primary control mechanism for energy flow within the power electronics system – specifically the inverter. By optimising the conversion of direct current (DC) from the battery into alternating current (AC) for the electric motor, SiC chips directly dictate a vehicle's overall electrical efficiency.

The Gen 3 SiC chips bring several structural and performance improvements over legacy silicon and previous-generation components by delivering around 20 percent higher performance, enabling electric vehicles to achieve extended driving ranges without requiring automakers to increase physical battery pack sizes.

The SiC chips are manufactured using an advanced substrate, which reduces switching energy losses and improves thermal performance. This allows for less complex, more lightweight cooling architectures within the engine bay.

Enhanced miniaturisation allows Bosch to harvest more individual chips per semiconductor wafer, lowering manufacturing cost barriers and making advanced power electronics financially viable for mass-market budget EVs, two-wheelers and commercial fleets.

To date, Bosch has delivered more than 60 million SiC chips worldwide. The multinational engineering firm continues to funnel billions of euros into expanding its global semiconductor fabrication plants to reinforce supply line resilience against global automotive chip shortages.

By introducing the third-generation lineup locally, Bosch aims to establish an end-to-end semiconductor ecosystem in India, backing the government's localized advanced manufacturing and vehicle electrification goals.

Sandeep Nelamangala, Joint Managing Director, Bosch and President of Bosch Mobility India, said, “Our advanced SiC technology is designed to deliver the tangible benefits that Indian consumers demand - longer driving range, faster charging, and lower long-term costs. By making high-efficiency power electronics more accessible, we are helping to unlock the full potential of the EV market, making clean, efficient mobility a reality for everyone in India."

Markus Heyn, Member of the Bosch Board of Management, and Chairman, Bosch Mobility business sector, said, “Our ambition is clear: we want to be a globally leading manufacturer of SiC chips. With our next generation SiC chips, we are helping our customers put even more powerful and efficient electric vehicles onto the road.”

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BYD India, a subsidiary of the world’s largest New Energy Vehicle (NEV) manufacturer, has showcased its DM-i (Dual Mode Intelligent) plug-in hybrid technology in India. Positioned as a transitional bridge between internal combustion engines and pure battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the incoming powertrain technology targets long-haul efficiency with a combined cruising range exceeding 1,200 km.

With a global plug-in hybrid history starting with the F3DM in 2008, BYD has amassed over 8 million cumulative PHEV sales, capturing a 35 percent global market share in the segment. The technology's introduction in India is intended to expand BYD's domestic portfolio beyond its current pure-EV lineup, which serves a growing base of 14,000 customers via 48 showrooms across 40 cities.

Unlike conventional hybrids that rely on a petrol engine as the primary mover with electric motors acting as secondary support, BYD's DM-i architecture reverses this layout to operate as an Electric-First system.

The vehicle relies primarily on battery power across everyday urban commutes. The petrol engine operates secondary to propulsion, working as a silent generator to maintain battery state-of-charge or engaging directly only during high-load, high-speed scenarios.

The system manages energy distribution via three intelligent operating modes:

• EV Mode: The vehicle relies entirely on the electric motor and battery pack, mimicking a standard BEV for zero-emission city driving.
• HEV ‘Series’ Mode: For mid-range driving, the onboard engine acts strictly as a generator, supplying electricity to charge the battery while the electric motor continues to turn the wheels.
• HEV ‘Parallel’ Mode: Under heavy acceleration or high-speed cruising, the petrol engine mechanically couples to the drivetrain, providing direct propulsion to the wheels alongside the electric motor.

The DM-i platform pairs advanced electric motor hardware with a highly specialised internal combustion engine optimised for thermal cycling:

• Xiaoyun 1.5L Engine: The platform utilises a dedicated 1.5-litre naturally aspirated petrol engine that achieves an industry-leading thermal efficiency of 43.04 percent.
• Super Hybrid Blade Battery: Power is stored in a specialised iteration of BYD's proprietary Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Blade Battery, engineered for structural safety, puncture resistance and high thermal stability.
• Fuel Economy: Under standard test conditions, the powertrain achieves a low consumption rate of 4.8-litre per 100 km (approximately 20.8 kmpl).
• Acceleration: The Electric Hybrid System (EHS) delivers seamless, single-speed acceleration, enabling a zero to 100 kmph sprint time of under 5.5 seconds in its high-performance configurations.

Initially entering India in 2007 to build electric buses and commercial chassis, BYD India has scaled its passenger vehicle presence with models including the e6, Atto 3, Seal, eMax 7 and Sealion 7. The company supports its local assembly operations through two manufacturing facilities spanning over 140,000 square meters, representing an investment of more than USD 200 million.

Rajeev Chauhan, Head of the Electric Passenger Vehicles Business, BYD India, said, "The introduction of DM-i technology marks a pivotal step in our commitment to making sustainable mobility more versatile and accessible for Indian consumers. By enabling electric-first driving for daily use while seamlessly supporting long-distance travel, DM-i addresses some of the most pressing barriers to the adoption of sustainable motoring in India. With this innovation, we are bringing a new technology to Indian consumers, and also shaping a smarter, more flexible pathway towards sustainable transportation."

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Astemo Americas, Inc. has announced its collaboration with NVIDIA as a DRIVE Hyperion Tier-1 partner. The company will focus on developing electronic control units (ECUs) utilising dual NVIDIA DRIVE AGX Thor systems-on-a-chip (SoCs) to support the automotive industry's ongoing shift toward software-defined, Level 4-ready autonomous vehicles.

NVIDIA DRIVE Hyperion serves as a production-ready reference architecture and ecosystem designed to help automakers streamline the deployment of highly automated and fully autonomous driving technologies.

Astemo Americas' engineering integration focuses on building a dual-SoC compute engine capable of handling the severe data workloads required by next-generation vehicle platforms. The collaboration pairs specialised high-performance artificial intelligence (AI) computing with optimised thermal and power management.

The partnership expands Astemo Americas' traditional footprint as a tier-one component supplier, shifting it into a primary integration partner for advanced autonomous system infrastructure. By combining its existing background in electric powertrains, active chassis systems and engine management with NVIDIA’s AI processing units, the company aims to provide global automakers with scalable, production-ready central computing nodes that bridge the gap between experimental development and high-volume vehicle production.

Mathieu Devillard, Executive Vice-President and Head of the Electrification Business Division, Astemo, said, “Astemo’s electrification and software-defined vehicle capabilities are central to where mobility is headed. By joining the NVIDIA DRIVE Hyperion ecosystem, we can help accelerate the development of advanced autonomous vehicle technologies while supporting automakers with scalable, cost-effective solutions.”

Rishi Dhall, Vice-President – Automotive, NVIDIA, added, “As a DRIVE Hyperion Tier-1 ecosystem partner developing dual NVIDIA DRIVE AGX Thor ECUs for automotive OEMs, Astemo is helping bring scalable autonomous driving platforms closer to production.”

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