The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFC), Government of India, has issued a notification on rules for battery waste management in view of the shift to electric vehicles. Anticipating a need to have an organised channel for the safe disposal and recycling of batteries, the rules, called the Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, are applicable to the producer, dealer, consumer, entities involved in collection, segregation, transportation, refurbishment and recycling of waste batteries. 

All types of batteries, regardless of their chemistry, shape, volume, weight, material composition and use are covered under the rules. The rules also have a provision for penal action in case of a violation and imposition of environmental compensation. The ministry has also set a minimum recovery percentage target for recovered materials out of dry weight batteries. 

The recovered materials will be then used to produce new batteries. For FY2024-25, the recovery target is set at 70 percent whereas for FY2025-26, it is 80 percent. The target for FY2026-27 is 90 percent. Mentioning that the recovery target may be reviewed by the committee once every four years to revisit the minimum levels of recovered battery materials in light of technical and scientific progress and emerging new technologies in waste management, the notification is expected to contribute towards enhancing each and every EV’s cost to the environment in India. This is especially in connection with the fact that nearly 1.4 million EVs as of July 2022 are said to operate in India if the data shared by the ministry of road transport and highways is relied upon. More than half of this volume is claimed to consist of electric three-wheelers followed by two-wheelers and passenger cars. 

The PLI scheme and other policy changes in terms of manufacture and sale of electric vehicles, it is clear that a strong battery ELV and disposal policy has to be in place. From the cost to the environment point of view, a policy extension in terms of the manufacture of such batteries locally down to the fuel cell level should also taking into view the ability of the battery to perform efficiently through out its lifecycle, thus staying alive for longer and when it does die, it should be recyclable to a great extent. 

Dr Akshay Singhal, Founder and CEO of Log9 Materials, averred. “The newly introduced Battery Waste Management standards by the Government under the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) concept addresses two important concerns. An efficient and effective waste management of all Li-Ion batteries that are nearing the end of their useful life and are expected to end up in landfills in a few years, avoiding any residual pollution impact. Second is the emphasis on investing in and nurturing the recycling of such used batteries, reducing the reliance on fresh resource mining.” 

Shubham Vishvakarma, CEO and Chief of Process Engineering of Metastable Materials, said, “The Battery Waste Management Rules announced by the Government of India is an excellent and much-needed step towards bringing to the fore innovations and myriad growth opportunities for the battery waste management and battery treatment space in our country, especially at a time when the ongoing EV boom in India is leading us to increasing concerns on e-waste.” “Under the new Rules notified, the Government has mandated a minimum percentage of recovery of various materials from end-of-life batteries, which is bound to enable the growth of novel business models such as urban mining in order to reduce India’s foreign dependency on procuring raw materials for EV batteries and other types of batteries,” he added. 

Ashok Sudrik, Chief Scientist, Infinite Orbit Research and Development Pvt Ltd, commented, “The Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, were much needed and we are happy that government has started taking cognizance of the hazardous waste being created and the recycling or waste collection. Other than waste management recycling rules, there is a need for manufacturers to incorporate extension of battery life technologies, keep the lithium content minimal and develop innovative cell chemistry. The life of a battery should be 4000 to 6000 cycles, which means a life spane of about 10 to 15 years. BaaS (Battery as a Service) concept with swappable batteries will be a big contributor to the ultimate goal of keeping cost to the environment low.”

In other parts of the world

In Canada, Li-Cycle will begin constructing a USD 175 million plant in Rochester, N.Y., for recycling of lithium-ion batteries. On the grounds of what used to be the Eastman Kodak complex, the plant will be the largest of its kind in North America with an eventual capacity of 25 metric kilotons of input material and a capability to recover 95 percent or more of cobalt, nickel, lithium and other valuable elements through zero-wastewater, zero-emissions process. Ajay Kochhar, Co-founder and CEO, Li-Cycle, said, “We'll be one of the largest domestic sources of nickel and lithium, as well as the only source of cobalt in the United States."  

In May 2022, Hydrovolt, the largest battery recycling plant in Europe started operations in Fredrikstad, Norway. A joint venture between two Norwegian companies – Hydro and Northvolt, the plant has the capacity to process 12,000 tonnes of battery packs per year, enough for the entire end-of-life battery market in Norway currently. Claimed to have the capability to recover 95 percent of the materials used in an EV battery including plastics, copper, aluminum and ‘black mass’, a powder containing various elements inside lithium-ion batteries like nickel, manganese, cobalt and lithium. 

Not just in Europe or US, the rise of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and associated battery gigafactories is pushing forward the creation of a battery recycling value chain. It is a matter of debate whether it got to be a close-loop or an open-loop design in terms of sourcing of batteries to recycle and to put the resulting material to good use so that the cost to the environment is kept minimal. As the demand for use of ‘green’ electricity source gathers pace the world over, on the other end of the spectrum, which involved the end-of-life vehicle for EVs, the demand for recycling in increasing partly due to regulations – the EU regulations have just intensified – and partly by a demand for re-use of materials due to geo-political reasons as well. A strong desire to localise supply chains and safeguard critical raw materials are also the driving factors.  

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The Digital Twin Lab, established by the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) with Micelio and IIT Guwahati Tech Park, has now become completely operational.

The lab, supported by the Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI), enables simulation-led development for electric vehicles (EVs) to help startups, MSMEs and car manufacturers accelerate design, validation and deployment. Its capabilities will be showcased at Micelio’s Global Clean Mobility Summit 2025.

The facility uses a ‘Hub-and-Spoke' model, with the hub at ARAI in Pune and two spokes: one at Micelio Discovery Studio in Bengaluru and the other at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati. It became fully operational in June 2025.

Dr Reji Mathai, Director, ARAI, said, “ARAI is proud to announce the strategic expansion of its Digital Twinning services across India, extending from the western region to the eastern and southern parts of the country. As India advances towards a future of intelligent and sustainable mobility, ARAI remains committed to empowering OEMs, startups, and automotive innovators with cutting-edge mobility solutions. We are grateful to the Ministry of Industries for their continued support in driving technology-led green mobility initiatives. We also deeply value our collaboration with Micelio, our trusted partner in this endeavour and look forward to a successful journey in broadening ARAI’s national footprint.”

The lab offers digital twin modelling for EV components, including battery packs, motors and drivetrains. It provides virtual validation environments that can simulate conditions such as wear-and-tear and energy consumption. This is supported by Hardware-in-Loop testing systems and AI/ML-based simulation tools.

Shreyas Shibulal, Founder & Director, Micelio Mobility, said, "This lab represents a fundamental shift in how India approaches EV innovation. By providing access to advanced digital twin infrastructure, we are reducing time-to-market and development costs, while also enabling a new generation of Indian EV innovators to compete globally while developing solutions specifically tailored to Indian conditions and requirements."

The facility allows startups and MSMEs to validate their concepts and refine designs without large capital investments.

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Tier 1 supplier Sona BLW Precision Forgings (Sona Comstar) has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with NEURA Robotics, Germany to jointly develop technologies, components and sub-assemblies.

The partnership will also focus on the industrialisation of robots and humanoids for the Indian and other agreed markets. The tie-up comes as intelligent automation sees growth in industrial and humanoid robots, driven by developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and falling computing costs. Sona Comstar, which focuses on electric powertrains, will work with NEURA Robotics to provide automation solutions across industries and create products manufactured in India.

Vivek Vikram Singh, MD & Group CEO, Sona Comstar, said, “We are excited to partner with NEURA Robotics to drive the next wave of innovation in industrial and humanoid robotics. This collaboration aligns with our vision to expand beyond the automotive domain, into a broader mobility space, supporting the future of intelligent manufacturing and service industries. By combining Sona Comstar’s engineering and manufacturing expertise with NEURA’s pioneering cognitive robotics technologies, we are well-positioned to deliver world-class solutions for the global market.”

David Reger, CEO and Founder, NEURA Robotics, said, "At NEURA Robotics, we believe true progress in robotics comes from strong partnerships that unite technology, engineering, and purpose. The collaboration with Sona Comstar represents the convergence of two innovation leaders: one redefining mobility, the other reimagining intelligent robotics. Together, we will set new standards for innovation and scalability in one of the world’s most dynamic markets.”

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AJAX Engineering, a leading manufacturer in the construction equipment sector, has begun trialling a new method of connecting digital sales leads with its dealer network using personalised video messages. The project uses the IMPACT platform from AiVANTA to automate the process.

The initiative addresses the challenge dealers face in converting online inquiries, which often lack context. AJAX now sends each incoming lead a short, automated video containing the customer's name, the product they are interested in and contact details for the closest dealer, including a Google Maps link. The videos are available in regional languages and offer quick actions such as calling the dealer, booking a demonstration, or requesting details.

Delivered immediately via WhatsApp and email, the videos allow dealers to respond to customers with context. Early results indicate the communication can improve conversion rates from leads and increase visits to dealerships.

Karan Ahuja, Co-founder and CEO, AiVANTA, said, "Our collaboration with AJAX Engineering demonstrates how personalized, tailored video communication can transform dealer ecosystems. By bringing personalisation and regional accessibility into the lead journey, we are helping OEMs and dealers work in closer alignment to serve customers better."

The move by AJAX reflects a growing trend in dealer-led industries to use digital engagement tools to support physical interactions. By linking online inquiries and dealership visits, AJAX intends to improve customer experience and help dealers achieve sales outcomes.

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Ansys, now part of Synopsys, has formed a strategic partnership with the US-based non-profit Maker Bhavan Foundation (MBF) to enhance STEM education for students at Tier-2 engineering colleges in India.

The collaboration will grant students in MBF’s Tinkerers’ Labs – the supported makerspaces – access to cutting-edge simulation tools from Synopsys’ Simulation and Analysis portfolio, alongside the Ansys Learning Hub. This initiative is specifically designed to provide students in these institutions with resources that match those available at top-tier engineering colleges.

Under the new Synopsys-MBF Simulation Education Program, students and faculty at up to six selected institutions will initially receive academic teaching licences for Ansys' multiphysics simulation solutions.

Damayanti Bhattacharya, CEO, Maker Bhavan Foundation, said, “This collaboration levels the playing field for students who might otherwise be overlooked. Each lab equipped with world-class tools is a promise to these young engineers that innovation has no boundaries of geography or privilege.”

Beyond providing software, Ansys will offer technical mentorship, coordinate hackathons and workshops and support training for both faculty and students. MBF will manage the implementation, acting as the liaison between the institutions and Synopsys to ensure effective tool usage and track learning outcomes.

Mike Yeager, Area Vice-President, India and Japan, at Ansys, part of Synopsys, said, “We are proud to partner with MBF in building a strong talent pipeline for the future. By bringing global technology to local classrooms, we are empowering students in India to innovate and solve real-world problems.”

This initial one-year partnership is viewed as the start of a long-term plan, with both Synopsys and MBF intending to extend the engagement to more institutions if successful, thereby increasing the impact on India’s innovation ecosystem.

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