The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFC), Government of India, has issued a notification on rules for battery waste management in view of the shift to electric vehicles. Anticipating a need to have an organised channel for the safe disposal and recycling of batteries, the rules, called the Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, are applicable to the producer, dealer, consumer, entities involved in collection, segregation, transportation, refurbishment and recycling of waste batteries. 

All types of batteries, regardless of their chemistry, shape, volume, weight, material composition and use are covered under the rules. The rules also have a provision for penal action in case of a violation and imposition of environmental compensation. The ministry has also set a minimum recovery percentage target for recovered materials out of dry weight batteries. 

The recovered materials will be then used to produce new batteries. For FY2024-25, the recovery target is set at 70 percent whereas for FY2025-26, it is 80 percent. The target for FY2026-27 is 90 percent. Mentioning that the recovery target may be reviewed by the committee once every four years to revisit the minimum levels of recovered battery materials in light of technical and scientific progress and emerging new technologies in waste management, the notification is expected to contribute towards enhancing each and every EV’s cost to the environment in India. This is especially in connection with the fact that nearly 1.4 million EVs as of July 2022 are said to operate in India if the data shared by the ministry of road transport and highways is relied upon. More than half of this volume is claimed to consist of electric three-wheelers followed by two-wheelers and passenger cars. 

The PLI scheme and other policy changes in terms of manufacture and sale of electric vehicles, it is clear that a strong battery ELV and disposal policy has to be in place. From the cost to the environment point of view, a policy extension in terms of the manufacture of such batteries locally down to the fuel cell level should also taking into view the ability of the battery to perform efficiently through out its lifecycle, thus staying alive for longer and when it does die, it should be recyclable to a great extent. 

Dr Akshay Singhal, Founder and CEO of Log9 Materials, averred. “The newly introduced Battery Waste Management standards by the Government under the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) concept addresses two important concerns. An efficient and effective waste management of all Li-Ion batteries that are nearing the end of their useful life and are expected to end up in landfills in a few years, avoiding any residual pollution impact. Second is the emphasis on investing in and nurturing the recycling of such used batteries, reducing the reliance on fresh resource mining.” 

Shubham Vishvakarma, CEO and Chief of Process Engineering of Metastable Materials, said, “The Battery Waste Management Rules announced by the Government of India is an excellent and much-needed step towards bringing to the fore innovations and myriad growth opportunities for the battery waste management and battery treatment space in our country, especially at a time when the ongoing EV boom in India is leading us to increasing concerns on e-waste.” “Under the new Rules notified, the Government has mandated a minimum percentage of recovery of various materials from end-of-life batteries, which is bound to enable the growth of novel business models such as urban mining in order to reduce India’s foreign dependency on procuring raw materials for EV batteries and other types of batteries,” he added. 

Ashok Sudrik, Chief Scientist, Infinite Orbit Research and Development Pvt Ltd, commented, “The Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, were much needed and we are happy that government has started taking cognizance of the hazardous waste being created and the recycling or waste collection. Other than waste management recycling rules, there is a need for manufacturers to incorporate extension of battery life technologies, keep the lithium content minimal and develop innovative cell chemistry. The life of a battery should be 4000 to 6000 cycles, which means a life spane of about 10 to 15 years. BaaS (Battery as a Service) concept with swappable batteries will be a big contributor to the ultimate goal of keeping cost to the environment low.”

In other parts of the world

In Canada, Li-Cycle will begin constructing a USD 175 million plant in Rochester, N.Y., for recycling of lithium-ion batteries. On the grounds of what used to be the Eastman Kodak complex, the plant will be the largest of its kind in North America with an eventual capacity of 25 metric kilotons of input material and a capability to recover 95 percent or more of cobalt, nickel, lithium and other valuable elements through zero-wastewater, zero-emissions process. Ajay Kochhar, Co-founder and CEO, Li-Cycle, said, “We'll be one of the largest domestic sources of nickel and lithium, as well as the only source of cobalt in the United States."  

In May 2022, Hydrovolt, the largest battery recycling plant in Europe started operations in Fredrikstad, Norway. A joint venture between two Norwegian companies – Hydro and Northvolt, the plant has the capacity to process 12,000 tonnes of battery packs per year, enough for the entire end-of-life battery market in Norway currently. Claimed to have the capability to recover 95 percent of the materials used in an EV battery including plastics, copper, aluminum and ‘black mass’, a powder containing various elements inside lithium-ion batteries like nickel, manganese, cobalt and lithium. 

Not just in Europe or US, the rise of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and associated battery gigafactories is pushing forward the creation of a battery recycling value chain. It is a matter of debate whether it got to be a close-loop or an open-loop design in terms of sourcing of batteries to recycle and to put the resulting material to good use so that the cost to the environment is kept minimal. As the demand for use of ‘green’ electricity source gathers pace the world over, on the other end of the spectrum, which involved the end-of-life vehicle for EVs, the demand for recycling in increasing partly due to regulations – the EU regulations have just intensified – and partly by a demand for re-use of materials due to geo-political reasons as well. A strong desire to localise supply chains and safeguard critical raw materials are also the driving factors.  

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Catena-X Automotive Network, a non-commercial organisation, has identified three shifts in data exchange that are expected to define the global automotive industry in 2026. The association reports that data collaboration is becoming a board-level priority and a prerequisite for trade as eight of the world’s top ten suppliers join the ecosystem.

The association brings together a coalition of OEMs, suppliers, technology providers, and industry bodies, including ADAC, AIAG, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Renault, Volkswagen Group companies, Volvo, VDA, TÜV SÜD, Fraunhofer, Amazon Web Services, Huawei, Microsoft and Magna, among others.

Catena-X suggests that data fragmentation is becoming a trade barrier. Regulations such as the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the EU Digital Battery Passport increase the requirement for product-level evidence. Failure to produce consistent data can result in market exclusion or increased costs.

The association provides standards designed to make documentation reusable across partners. This approach aims to prevent the need for bespoke integrations for every customer, particularly for Tier 2 and Tier 3 suppliers where data readiness varies.

Data management is increasingly competing with R&D and intellectual property for budget allocation. Catena-X warns that compliance costs can rise from 0.05 percent to 2 percent of revenue if reporting remains manual and duplicated.

To address this, the network utilises toolkits such as the Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) framework. Standardised inputs allow sustainability data to be shared across companies, which the association claims is up to five times more efficient than legacy reporting methods.

Software Traceability and Cybersecurity

In 2026, software risks are expected to become a primary trigger for vehicle recalls. As vehicles become software-defined, the ability to trace code lineage and component provenance is necessary for risk management.

Catena-X highlights the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) as a tool for triage during cyber incidents. Making software versions and dependencies visible across tiers allows for faster responses to security vulnerabilities.

Hanno Focken, Managing Director, Catena-X, said, “We are seeing a major shift in what the industry is being asked to prove. Data is becoming a condition of trade and a real cost-to-serve. At the same time, cyber incidents are increasingly becoming a product recall risk. Work that used to sit in the background is now affecting market access and margins. Catena-X exists to make trusted interoperable exchange practical across every tier of the supply chain, while protecting data sovereignty.”

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Valeo has announced that its extended reality (XR) gaming experience will enter series production on the Renault Filante, the flagship vehicle from Renault Korea. The system, titled ‘R:Racing’, is based on the Valeo Racer concept unveiled at SXSW in 2024.

The technology represents the first XR gaming experience integrated into a production vehicle. It utilises existing sensors, cameras and hardware to blend virtual gameplay with the live environment. By synchronising gameplay with vehicle motion, the system is designed to reduce the sensation of motion sickness often associated with in-car screens.

The integration into the Renault Filante demonstrates how software-defined vehicle architectures can repurpose hardware for digital experiences. The system uses real-time data and sensor fusion to create a motion-synchronised experience for passengers.

The Renault Filante, developed and produced in Korea, is a crossover featuring connectivity and digital interfaces. The vehicle serves as the launch platform for Valeo's shift from automotive engineering into immersive cockpit technologies.

Marc Vrecko, CEO, Valeo Brain division, said, “The transition of the original Valeo Racer concept to series production is a clear illustration of how Valeo turns innovation into concrete customer value within a short period of time. Together with Renault Korea, we are redefining the in-car experience by combining perception technologies, software and creativity to make mobility more engaging, without compromising safety.”

Nicolas Paris, CEO, Renault Korea, added, “The Renault Filante embodies our ambition to deliver vehicles that combine emotional design, advanced technology and meaningful digital experiences for our customers. Working closely with Valeo on this world-first XR gaming production feature demonstrates the strength of our partnership and our ability to bring cutting-edge innovation from concept to reality.”

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Spanish powertrain major Horse Powertrain and Repsol have announced the development of a hybrid powertrain designed to run on 100 percent renewable petrol. The HORSE H12 Concept engine achieves a peak brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 44.2 percent and is intended to reduce vehicle fuel consumption.

According to WLTP testing, a vehicle equipped with this powertrain consumes less than 3.3 litres per 100 kilometres, representing a 40 percent reduction compared to 2023 European passenger car averages. When operated with Repsol’s renewable fuel, a mid-size car driving 12,500 kilometres annually emits 1.77 tonnes of CO2 less than a vehicle using traditional combustion technology.

The H12 Concept is an evolution of the HR12 engine and incorporates several engineering updates:

• Combustion System: Features a 17:1 compression ratio.
• Exhaust Management: Utilises a next-generation exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and an optimised turbocharger.
• Ignition: Includes a high-energy ignition system.
• Transmission: Features a hybrid gearbox with energy management and lubricants designed by Repsol to reduce internal friction.

Teams from the Horse Technologies Division in Valladolid and the Repsol Technology Lab in Madrid have validated two prototypes. A demonstrator vehicle is scheduled for presentation in early 2026. The companies state that this project is a step towards the industrial production of high-efficiency hybrid engines.

Repsol has commenced industrial-scale production of 100 percent renewable gasoline at its Tarragona facility. This fuel is compatible with existing gasoline engines and is currently distributed at 30 service stations in Spain under the Nexa 95 brand.

Patrice Haettel, COO, Horse Powertrain and CEO at Horse Technologies, said, “The HORSE H12 Concept is an example of how highly efficient engines and renewable fuels can reduce emissions today, without waiting for future solutions. As a company, we believe that relying on a single technology is not the fastest way to cut emissions. This is why we advocate a technology neutral approach that enables innovation across all solutions - electric, hybrid, range extenders and low-carbon fuels.”

Luis Cabra, Deputy CEO, Repsol, added, “This collaboration shows that decarbonisation can be accelerated through innovative and accessible technological solutions. The use of 100 percent renewable fuels is a net zero emission solution, complementary to electric vehicles, for decarbonising the transport sector. Supporting clear and ambitious regulation that drives investment in renewable fuels and highly efficient engines is essential for Europe to reduce transport emissions faster in a more competitive and effective manner.”

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

German engineering company FEV recently released analysis on the economic efficiency of electrified commercial vehicles, suggesting that range extender architectures (REEV/Hybrid BEV) can reduce total cost of ownership (TCO) compared to diesel trucks.

According to data from FEV’s research programme, TCO can be reduced by up to 33 percent depending on the driving cycle. In long-haul scenarios, the analysis indicates a cost reduction of approximately 14 percent. These figures are based on European usage profiles involving depot charging at industrial electricity rates of 19 cents (INR 20-21) per kilowatt hour.

The study identifies reduced battery size as a primary factor in cost-effectiveness. A REEV truck operates with approximately 280 kWh of battery capacity, compared to the 560 kWh required by purely battery-electric (BEV) long-haul trucks.

The smaller battery allows for overnight charging via 22 kW AC infrastructure, providing enough energy for daily operations without the immediate requirement for megawatt charging stations. This reduces vehicle weight and increases payload capacity.

FEV reports that REEV trucks can be integrated into existing depot structures, reducing investment risks for operators. Beyond costs, the analysis suggests a reduction in global warming potential of up to 82 percent compared to diesel vehicles, depending on the energy mix used.

The company is currently developing demonstrator vehicles to validate these findings and translate the data into market-ready solutions for the commercial vehicle segment.

Dr. Norbert W. Alt, COO, FEV Group, said, “Our analysis clearly shows that the range extender makes electric trucks immediately economically and ecologically viable – without waiting for the widespread expansion of high-performance charging infrastructure. This is precisely what is crucial in long-distance transport.”

“Range extender-based Hybrid BEV trucks offer an immediately available, economically highly attractive solution for electrified long-distance transport. They combine high electric driving ranges with minimal infrastructure requirements – and deliver measurable added value precisely where cost decisions are particularly sensitive,” Dr Alt concluded.

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!