EV Market In India At Inflection Point; Growth Imminent Across Categories

The third largest automobile market saw a staggering 2,142,565 units of electric vehicles sold between September 2024 and August 2025, according to data from Vahan Dashboard (excluding Telangana).

The electric vehicle sales in India witnessed mixed sales in August, 2025, according to the same source. Statistics put electric two-wheeler sales at the lead with 104,373 units compared to July’s 103,469 units, followed by four wheelers at 17,387 units from 16,127 units a month earlier and the rest of the pie was goods carriers, buses and three-wheeler cargo carriers.

The dashboard also reported a decline in electric rickshaw sales that dell to 36,962 from 39,782 in July, followed by electric three-wheeler L5 passenger (18,007 from 20,446) and electric carts (6,213 from 6,817).

Nonetheless, the market sentiment about this vehicular segment seems to be strong. Exuding confidence on World EV Day 2025, Deepak Manwani, Head of Operations and Revenue at Yuma Energy, told Motoring Trends, “As India’s automotive sector accelerates towards electrification, the momentum is unmistakable in two- and three-wheelers. What began with fleet use cases is now rapidly entering personal mobility with adoption climbing year-on-year.”

He noted that supportive government policies such as FAME II, the newly launched PM e-DRIVE scheme and state-level EV mandates for EV adoption as well as for charging and swapping infrastructure creation are creating a strong policy tailwind.

There is also an influx of customised financing options for EVs, which is providing further impetus to the two-wheeler and three-wheeler segments. Industry projections indicate that by 2030, nearly 35–40 percent of new two-wheelers and over 50 percent of three-wheelers could be electric with more ambitious scenarios targeting up to 80 percent penetration in these categories.

Sharing the same confidence, Som Kapoor, Partner at EY India, noted, “EVs currently make up about five percent of the market and we’re at an inflection point. Growth is inevitable and the consistent share across different vehicle sizes signals strong policy support from the government. EV adoption will continue to expand as part of the overall auto market.”

He shared that post-pandemic, the Indian automobile market has witnessed stabilised growth at around 3–4 percent, rather than in double digits. With the upcoming GST changes, a boost in small cars and overall volume is expected, especially in the second half of this year.

“In terms of EVs, the two-wheelers segment, which already has a growing momentum, will continue in the path. We expect strong growth in segments where vehicles work on closed routes or where assets are monetised daily, such as three-wheelers and commercial vehicles. These areas will see tremendous adoption,” added Kapoor.

Market command

Despite a modest share in the entire automobile market currently, EVs are expected to gobble at least one-third of the pie. Alluding to this, Manwani noted, “By the end of this decade, we expect electric vehicles to command nearly a third of India’s automotive market with two and three-wheelers at the forefront of this shift. Projections indicate that up to 70–80 percent of new scooters, motorcycles and electric-rickshaws could be electric by 2030, while passenger cars and buses steadily build towards 20–25 percent adoption.”

At the global level, where there are outliers like China and the Nordics leading the EV penetration, India is broadly in line with other major markets and the adoption levels are comparable to its global peers, noted Kapoor.

Furthermore, the torch bearer for EV adoption till the end of the decade is expected to be two-wheelers and three-wheelers. “These are the vehicles that define our cities – scooters weaving through traffic, delivery bikes bringing food to our doors and rickshaws ferrying millions on their daily commutes,” said Manwani.  

He added, “They are the lifeblood of urban mobility, and because they run hard and run often, they are also the first to embrace the undeniable economics of going electric. Cars, meanwhile, will follow steadily, starting with city users and early adopters who see EVs as both aspirational and practical for daily city commutes. And then there are our commercial fleets, buses connecting cities, trucks and vans moving goods across states, slowly but surely shifting to electric because the savings are too big to ignore.”

Another boon for the indigenous industry will be collaborations, according to Kapoor. “As Chinese collaboration opens up, we expect to see technology transfers and joint ventures that can accelerate India’s EV ecosystem. These partnerships will be valuable for scaling both manufacturing and innovation,” he contended.

Drawing on the same lines, Omega Seiki Mobility Chairman Uday Narang noted, “Over the past year, India’s EV sector has moved from experimentation to consolidation with stronger players and sustainable models emerging. EV three-wheelers, both passenger and cargo, along with new-age electric trucks, especially in the 1–1.5 tonne category will be the real growth drivers of this market.”

Commenting on current market domination of EVs, Kazam Chief Executive Officer Akshay Shekhar opined, “India's EV narrative is transitioning from initial curiosity to industrial scale. It is not only from the vehicles but also from charging infrastructure and software orchestration. In the next five years, we anticipate chargers to be as pervasive as fuel pumps for three- and two-wheelers with charging equipment closely integrated into fleet operations, home installations and e-commerce logistics.”

Supply and power

Volks Energie Chief Executive Officer Piyush Goyal opined that the world is moving towards largescale adoption of clean mobility and sustainable energy and that companies in India are feeling that effect.

“What started as a symbolic initiative five years ago, has turned into a global movement today as the world collectively and rapidly moves towards large-scale adoption of clean mobility and sustainable energy. This adoption reflects not only a technological change and preference but also a shift in the societal expectations from the automotive and renewable industries overall. Consumers today demand cleaner and more resilient energy systems,” he stated.

Moreover, the Central Government’s ambitious plans to make the country an export hub can well be extended to electric vehicles. Alluding to the strategy, Kapoor stated, “Our immediate priority should be strengthening the local market. That said, companies like Maruti are already exporting EV models before bringing them to Indian customers. India has the technological capability and manufacturing infrastructure to grow as an export hub over time. Steady progress will be key.”

While he noted that currently the three main challenges for higher penetration are charging infrastructure, consumer mindset shift towards EVs and high upfront cost of ownership, private charging access is seen as a crucial.

“In India, many homes lack dedicated parking slots, making at-home charging challenging. Until that improves, public charging needs significant expansion. Both private and public infrastructure must evolve to support mass adoption,” noted Kapoor.

Another barrier pointed out was the reliance on imported components. According to Manwani, “India is heavily reliant on imported components for its EVs, especially batteries and advanced electronics, which makes India vulnerable to any kind of supply shocks due to changing geo-political scenarios. The current geo-political uncertainties have caused production disruptions in the last six months. And to overcome this, India needs to have a long-term plan to become self-reliant on cell manufacturing, rare earth magnet production as well as cultivating alternative sources of lithium and other metals essential for sustaining India’s EV ecosystem.”

Motwani also added that cell prices have dropped by as much as 40–50 percent in the last 24 months and this has certainly helped spur new demand in India. This has also meant larger battery packs in vehicles, thereby helping reduce range anxiety and making EVs a viable option in a market where charging infrastructure is still catching up.

For swapping players, this has been a boon as reducing cell and battery price means faster asset deployment due to lower capex spend. This has helped drive large scale transformation in commercial mobility in line with the policy push from various quarters.

Kapoor also noted a need to change the direction of incentives. “So far, incentives have largely supported the supply side. We now need demand-side incentives, which are direct benefits to consumers that make EV adoption more attractive,” he said.

Alluding to the growing demand for EVs, Trontek Chief Executive Officer Samrath Singh Kocchar opined, “India's EV ramp-up is being driven by affordable battery prices, policy incentive and fast two-wheeler electrification but true long-term play will be in battery technology, circularity and systems thinking. Over the next five years, we expect major strides in energy density and fast-charging with battery-swapping and modular solutions gaining momentum in fleet operations.”

Two-wheeler industry veteran Roy Kurian has joined Revolt Motors as President. This marks the second innings for Kurian at Revolt Motors; he had previously held a brief stint in January 2023, before joining Montra Electric as its Chief Executive Officer.

Kurian is a seasoned C-suite executive known for his deep expertise in the automotive and mobility sectors, specialising in business turn-arounds and scaling operations, particularly within the electric vehicle (EV) landscape.

He spent over a decade at India Yamaha Motor from 2007 to 2019, growing to the ranks of Senior Vice-President Sales Marketing. He had joined Tork Motors in 2019 spending over a year at the electric motorcycle company before joining Ampere Electric Vehicles as COO and Executive Director Electric Mobility.

In his new role, he will lead RattanIndia Enterprises-led Revolt Motors, which has been focussing on expanding its market share in the electric two-wheeler space.

For CY2025, Revolt MotoCorp has sold around 8,164 electric two-wheelers as compared to 9,955 units in CY2024. At present, Revolt MotoCorp’s product portfolio includes – Revolt RV1, Revolt RV1+, Revolt BlazeX, Revolt RV400BRZ and Revolt RV400 in the electric motorcycle segment.

conventional two-wheeler leadership at a major international brand, followed by a concentrated pivot into high-growth, executive roles across the Indian EV ecosystem, culminating in multiple tenures as CEO and President. He possesses proven skills in executive management (CXO), strategic sales, marketing, and operational leadership.

Refex Mobility, the clean mobility arm of the Refex Group, has launched its operations in Delhi NCR, committing to fast-track clean corporate transportation in the region. The launch event was attended by the Union Minister of New and Renewable Energy, Prahlad Joshi, along with other dignitaries.

The company plans to deploy over 400 new four-wheeler clean-fuelled vehicles in Delhi NCR within the next three months, enhancing its presence across India.

Refex Mobility is looking to use its Delhi NCR launch as a springboard to scale into Tier-1 and Tier-2 cities nationwide. The firm currently operates a fleet of over 1,400 all-electric four-wheeler vehicles across Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Mumbai, serving more than 70 leading corporates from sectors including BFSI, IT/ITES, e-commerce and telecom. The company, supported by over 200 employees, has already abated 3.5 million kilograms of tailpipe CO2 emissions since its inception.

Union Minister Prahlad Joshi commended the company's initiative, emphasising the need for solar-powered EV fleets: “Under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India is advancing rapidly towards clean energy and sustainable mobility. To truly unlock the promise of electric vehicles and smart energy-efficient transportation, we must ensure they are powered by the sun. I urge corporates to lead the way by adopting solar-based charging for their EV fleets, thereby reducing oil imports, cutting emissions, and building greener, healthier cities in line with their ESG commitment.”

Anil Jain, Chairman & Managing Director, Refex Group, said, "Delhi NCR is not just an expansion for us but it is a commitment to scale. Within a couple of quarters, we will create one of the largest corporate clean-mobility fleets in the region. At Refex, we believe in diversification with responsibility, and Green Mobility is one of the most critical pillars of our sustainability journey."

Anirudh Arun, CEO, Refex Mobility, added, “At Refex Mobility, we are reimagining what reliable and responsible mobility means for India. Our promise is built on three pillars - dependable fleets that corporates can count on, exceptional experiences for every rider, and a deep commitment to sustainability and our driver partners. With our entry into Delhi NCR, we are proud to bring this ethos to the capital, as we continue shaping a cleaner and more trusted future for urban mobility.”

Yuma Energy, one of India's fastest-growing Battery-as-a-Service (BaaS) providers, has announced a major partnership with Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL) to rapidly scale its battery swapping network across the country. HPCL is one of India's largest energy companies, boasting a vast network of over 24,000 retail outlets.

By leveraging HPCL's extensive footprint, Yuma Energy aims to gain a strategic advantage, allowing it to deploy its AI-driven battery swapping stations in high-demand locations – from major metro areas to Tier-2 towns.

This move aims to give riders, delivery fleets and businesses instant and reliable energy access that is as quick as traditional refuelling.

Yuma Energy will use HPCL's retail network to deploy its ‘Yuma Stations’ strategically based on real-time demand. This demand-responsive model ensures that EV users – including e-rickshaw drivers, gig-economy partners, and commuters – are always close to a fully charged battery.

The partnership directly addresses the key challenge of energy network infrastructure that needs to keep pace with India's accelerating EV adoption, particularly in the two- and three-wheeler segments. For HPCL, the alliance allows the company to diversify its business into future-ready energy solutions.

Kinetic Green Energy and Power Solutions has introduced the E-Luna Prime, an electric two-wheeler designed for India's commuter motorcycle market. The new model builds on the success of the E-Luna, which has sold over 25,000 units since its launch.

The E-Luna Prime, the company shared, is engineered to meet the needs of millions of commuters, offering an affordable and practical solution for both urban and rural environments. It features rugged 16-inch alloy wheels, a digital cluster and a spacious front-loading area. The electric two-wheeler is available in two variants with ranges of 110 km and 140 km, prices starting at INR 82,490 (ex-showroom).

According to Kinetic Green, the E-Luna Prime offers significant savings compared to conventional petrol-based motorcycles. The total cost of ownership is estimated at just INR 2,500 per month, which includes the EMI and running expenses. This is a fraction of the estimated INR 7,500 monthly cost for a traditional ICE two-wheeler, potentially saving consumers up to INR 60,000 annually.

Dr Sulajja Firodia Motwani, Founder & CEO, Kinetic Green, said, "We are delighted to unveil the E-Luna Prime, that embodies our commitment to transforming the future of personal mobility in India. Building on the resounding success of our E-Luna series, which has garnered widespread acclaim from thousands of satisfied customers, the E-Luna Prime represents a significant leap forward in our pursuit of innovation and customer-centricity."

Dr. Motwani added that extensive consumer research revealed an opportunity to create "India's most affordable yet aspirational mobility solution for the fastest growing commuter motorcycle segment." She stated, "The E-Luna Prime, with its industry-leading features along with the winning proposition of INR 2,500 monthly ownership cost, exemplifies our commitment to address the evolving and unmet customer needs by leveraging cutting-edge electric vehicle innovations."

The E-Luna Prime is available in six colours and will be sold through Kinetic Green's network of over 300 dealerships across the country.